ORTHOGONAL
/ ORTHOGRAPHIC

2D IMAGES
CREATED AND
MANAGED BY
EDUCATION GRAPHICS
JANUARY 2011

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Orthogonal projection (or
orthographic projection) is a
means of representing a
three-dimensional object in two
dimensions. It is a form of parallel
projection, where all the projection
lines are orthogonal (relating to or
composed of right angles) to the
projection plane.

With multiview orthogonal
projections, up to six pictures of an
object are produced. The views are
positioned relative to each other
according to either of two schemes:
first-angle or third-angle projection
(used in Australia and New Zealand). In
each, the appearances of views may
be thought of as being projected
onto planes that form a 'glass box'
around the object.

Although 6 different sides can be
drawn, 3 sides of a drawing give
enough information to make a 3D
object. These views are known as
front view, top view and right side
view.

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The sides of the 'glass
box' are the PROJECTION
PLANES
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